It involves the discovery and communication of meaningful patterns in data from metrics such as traffic, leads, sales, advertising, promotions, web activity, social media, and any other relevant marketing activity or financial data. 

This is a management information system designed to coordinate, control, analyze and visualize information that supports decision-making within marketing.

It is the combination of controllable marketing variables that the firm uses to gain the desired level of sales in the target market. The commonest way of classifying these factors is the four-factor classification called the 4 Ps: price, product, promotion, and place (or distribution). 
• Also Known As: Four P’s

This is the function that links the consumer, customer and public to the marketer through information that is used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems; generate, refine, and evaluate marketing actions; monitor marketing performance; and improve understanding of marketing as a process. Marketing research specifies the requisite information for understanding these issues, designs the process used in collecting information, manages and implements the data collection process, analyzes the results, and communicates the findings and their implications.

This metric measures the extent to which marketing contributes to profit by dividing profit over the relevant net marketing spending.

A pricing technique which consists in adding a percentage to costs for the purpose of calculating selling prices.    
• Example: Variable cost: 10
Markup: 50% (10*50%) = 5
Selling Price: (10+5) = 15
Margin: (5/15) = 33.3%

It refers to a customer group that involves large portions of the population. 
• See Also: Niche Market

Advertising media that can serve as carriers of advertising messages to potential audiences or the target markets for specific products, services, organizations, or ideas. These media include digital media, newspapers, magazines, direct mail advertising, radio, broadcast television, cable television, outdoor advertising, transit advertising, and specialty advertising.

The activity of the buying or selling of products/services through the use of mobile applications.  • See Also: e-Commerce